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Euphorbia

The bulk of euphorbias are native to the arid climates of Africa and the island of Madagascar but are also found in Asia and Australia. Often mistaken for cacti, these desert plants share a lot in common with their distant planty cousins. Like cacti, euphorbias prefer dry air, lots of bright light, and infrequent but deep waterings. And for this reason, optimal euphorbia care proves to be beginner friendly.

How to care for your Euphorbia

Use these instructions to care for an Euphorbia. This guide will tell you how to water an Euphorbia; its light, temperature, humidity preferences and any additional care it might need to help it grow.

African Milk Tree

LIGHT

Your euphorbia needs bright direct light at least 6 hours a day, but some varieties tolerate some shade.

WATER

Water your euphorbia when the soil volume is 100% dry. Water thoroughly until it flows out of the drainage hole. Discard excess water to discourage root rot. During the winter, you can cut back on the frequency of watering.

HUMIDITY

Euphorbias do well in dry to average household humidity. If your plant’s space experiences an increase in humidity, you can prevent mildew growth by enhancing the air circulation.

TEMPERATURE

Your euphorbia loves warm temperatures between 60-90°F. Also, make sure your plant doesn’t experience rapid drops in temperature.

FOOD

Fertilize once in the spring and summer with a balanced fertilizer that’s diluted to half strength since your plant is not a heavy feeder.

TOXICITY

The euphorbias are toxic to humans and pets.

ADDITIONAL CARE

Be sure to wear gloves when handling your euphorbia as it oozes a milky substance that is irritating to the skin and eyes if handled incorrectly.

Candelabra Cactus

LIGHT

Your Candelabra Cactus will do well in bright light to full sun. If it doesn’t receive enough light, the branches and stems will become leggy and stretched out.

WATER

Water only when the soil is completely dry. Water until liquid flows through the drainage hole at the bottom of the pot and discard any water that has accumulated in the saucer.

HUMIDITY

This plant requires no additional humidity.

TEMPERATURE

Your Candelabra Cactus prefers temperatures between 60-85 degrees.

FOOD

Before applying any type of plant food, make sure the soil is already damp-never apply to dry soil. Your Candelabra Cactus requires fertilizer once in the spring and once in the summer. Apply an all-purpose, liquid plant food diluted to half strength. Do not fertilize your Candelabra in the fall or winter when plant growth naturally slows.

TOXICITY

Your Candelabra Cactus is moderately toxic to pets and humans. Typically, ingestion will cause mouth and stomach irritation and possible vomiting.

ADDITIONAL CARE

If you notice a white, crusty substance on the soil surface of a Candelabra Cactus, it is fertilizer salt that needs to be flushed from the soil. Remove the salt layer if it’s thick, and then water the plant slowly with twice the volume of water that the pot holds. Allow the soil to drain completely, and don’t let the pot stand in water. The fertilizer salt-flushing procedure can be done 1-2 times each year if it is necessary.

Crown of Flowers

LIGHT

Your Crown of Flowers prefers bright indirect light. Direct morning sunlight is fine for this plant, but avoid prolonged exposure to direct sun which can scorch the leaves.

WATER

Water when 75% of the soil volume is dry. Add water slowly, allowing it to soak into the soil until it flows through the drainage hole. Discard water that accumulates in the saucer.

HUMIDITY

This plant does well in average household humidity.

TEMPERATURE

This plant prefers temperatures between 60-90°F. Avoid drafty areas and temperatures below 55°F in the winter.

FOOD

Feed monthly during periods of active growth with an all-purpose fertilizer for indoor plants. Never apply fertilizer to dry soil.

TOXICITY

This plant is considered toxic to humans and pets if ingested.

ADDITIONAL CARE

Crown of Flowers growth will naturally slow in the winter and watering frequency should be reduced. Stems can be cut back to reduce the plant’s height and will bear new leaves and flowers in the spring. Cutting the plant produces a milky sap that can irritate sensitive skin.

Ghost Cactus

LIGHT

Your Ghost Cactus loves sitting close to a south-facing window where it can receive bright, indirect light. While your Ghost Cactus might appreciate in this spot, you’ll still need to be careful about exposing it to direct light for too long since this would affect your plant’s health.

WATER

Water your Ghost Cactus when the soil volume is 100% dry. This means waiting about 2 weeks in between waterings. Water slowly, allowing it to soak into the soil while still enabling drainage. Your cactus would not like sitting in water since it’s prone to rotting. During the winter, when your plant goes dormant, you can cut back on the frequency of watering to once a month as long as the soil is completely dry.

HUMIDITY

Ghost Cacti do well in dry to average household humidity, being a native of arid climate regions.

TEMPERATURE

Your Ghost Cactus loves warm conditions between 60–90°F. However, you’ll need to keep your plant away from vents and especially cold drafts.

FOOD

Fertilize very sparingly once in the spring and summer with a diluted cacti or succulent fertilizer. Never apply fertilizer to dry soil.  

TOXICITY

Ghost Cacti are toxic to humans and pets if ingested. Plus, the milky sap may cause skin irritation, so handle your plant with gloves.

ADDITIONAL CARE

Be sure to wear gloves when handling your plant as it oozes a milky substance that is irritating to the skin and eyes if handled incorrectly.

Pencil Cactus

LIGHT

The Pencil Cactus needs bright direct light. This means a spot that gets 6 or more hours of direct sun per day like an unobstructed southern or western window.

WATER

Water your euphorbia when the soil volume is 100% dry. Water thoroughly until it flows out of the drainage hole. Discard excess water to discourage root rot.

HUMIDITY

Euphorbias do well in dry to average household humidity.

TEMPERATURE

Your euphorbia prefers temperatures between 60-90°F.

FOOD

Fertilize once in the spring and summer with a cacti or succulent fertilizer.

TOXICITY

The Pencil Cactus is toxic to humans and pets.

ADDITIONAL CARE

Be sure to wear gloves when handling the Pencil Cactus as it oozes a milky substance that is irritating to skin and eyes if handled incorrectly. You can easily propagate your euphorbia by cuttings. Use a sharp knife to make a clean cut at a stem joint. Allow the cut surface to callus over for a week and pot with fresh cactus soil. Withhold water for a week before watering normally. You should see roots taking hold in a month or so.

Poinsettia

LIGHT

Poinsettias love bright indirect sunlight. An east-facing window is ideal, or a few feet back from a south or west-facing window. Watch out for pale bleached leaves as this is a sign your plant is getting too much direct sun.

WATER

You should water your poinsettia when the top inch of soil is dry. Water slowly until you see water begin to trickle out of the pot’s drainage hole, and make sure you let excess water fully drain out. Your poinsettia feels more comfortable in moist soil instead of standing water.

HUMIDITY

Poinsettias enjoy humidity levels between 50% – 75%. You can boost humidity by lightly misting the leaves with lukewarm water. Another option is to place a dish of water or a humidifier nearby.

TEMPERATURE

Poinsettia flowers appreciate daytime temperatures between 65-75° F and nighttime temperatures of 55-60° F. Keep your poinsettia away from drafty windows or doors, and any open vents.

FOOD

You can give your poinsettia a boost with fertilizer for flowering plants diluted with water at half strength. However, you’ll need to keep from fertilizing your plant during its blooming period. Instead, you can feed it in the spring every three to four weeks when there’s no growth occurring.

TOXICITY

Toxic only if ingested in very high amounts to pets and humans. The sap can be irritating to the mouth and stomach if ingested, sometimes causing vomiting. The sap may also cause a very mild allergic skin reaction in some people.

ADDITIONAL CARE

To encourage your plant to take on a full, bushy shape, prune the stems back in spring and allow the plant to flush out new growth. To encourage the plant to rebloom, ensure the plant receives complete darkness for 14 hours a day for a span of 8 weeks, beginning in mid to late September. This signals the plant to begin producing flower buds and colorful bracts in time for the holiday season.

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What's an Euphorbia?

Botanical Classification: Euphorbia trigona

About

The bulk of euphorbias are native to the arid climates of Africa and the island of Madagascar but are also found in Asia and Australia. Often mistaken for cacti, these desert plants share a lot in common with their distant planty cousins. A unique feature that sets them apart is that they have no needles or areoles but rather sharp thick thorns. They also are known to ooze milky sap when damaged, which can be irritations to skin or eyes upon contact.

Fun Fact

The Euphorbia genus includes over 2,000 plant species. It is one of the biggest genera in the plant kingdom! You will also hear them commonly called the Spurge family.

Pictured Left: African Milk Tree

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